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To develop a rapid micropropagation method through axillary bud culture, the effects of media and plant growth regulators, explant types, and vessel types for shoot multiplication were examined. The most shoot formation and elongation of B. betula ´Purpurea´ were obtained by the use of WPM containing 0.2 ㎎·L^(-1) BA and 0.5 ㎎·L^(-1) zeatin with the average shoot number 8.6. The nodular callus tissue was formed at the base of segments, which was used for a multiplication experiment. The whole shoot with the callus tissue, nodal segments, and shoot tip were transferred to the fresh medium. The best results were obtained from the whole shoot with the callus tissue on WPM supplemented with 0.5 ㎎·L^(-1) BA and average number of shoots was 21. In addition, 250 mL jar was more effective to the shoot multiplication on the WPM containing 0.5 ㎎·L^(-1) BA than test tube. Nearly 100% rooting achieved on GD and 1/2 GD medium supplemented with 0.2-0.5 ㎎·L^(-1) IBA. The survival rates after transplanting into a mixture of peat moss and perlite (1:1 v/v) was 90% in the glasshouse. New plants derived from shoot of B. pendula ´Purpurea´ via axillary bud culture were transplanted to the field.
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